Anyone who is pursuing obstetrics and gynecology must have intensive knowledge of Gynecologic emergencies and treatments. In OBGYN emergencies, the reproductive system in women's bodies suffers complications that may or may not threaten the life of the person, present or future sexual activities, quality of life, and fertility. An aspirant pursuing a PG in gynecology and obstetrics, must recognize these symptoms of emergency and offer timely treatment and every other kind of aid to help the woman recover.
Some of the common complications during
pregnancy and childbirth are discussed below-
- Miscarriage- in this
emergency, the baby, which is still in the gestation stage at or before 20
weeks, ends unexpectedly. Miscarriage can result from - inability of the fetus
to grow, accidents, the inability of the uterus to support the pregnancy,
complications from other diseases, etc.
Symptoms of emergency-
- Light
bleeding that gradually gets heavy
- Cramps
and abdominal pain
- Ache
in the lower back
- Pause
in symptoms that are usual in pregnancy
- Ectopic pregnancy
In this kind of pregnancy, the egg fertilizes in
the fallopian tube and starts forming the fetus in one of the fallopian tubes
itself. The pregnancy cannot continue if the fetus does not grow in the ovary.
An ectopic pregnancy can be detected within the first few weeks of pregnancy. Diagnosis
and management of ectopic pregnancy are also integral parts.
This emergency can be detected by a transvaginal ultrasound scan. A blood test
is also necessary if the patient needs a transfusion of blood. Medications are
prescribed to prevent life-threatening complications. There are also
laparoscopic procedures, and abdominal incision surgeries performed.
Symptoms of emergency-
- Intensive
bleeding of the vagina, often caused by rupturing of the fallopian tube
- Extreme
pain in the lower abdomen, pelvis, shoulders, and back
- Fatigue
and dizziness
- Lower
blood pressure
- Bowel problems or rectal pressure
- Eclampsia
This emergency can be life-threatening for both
mother and fetus. This condition is caused by high blood pressure. The risk of
eclampsia increases due to diet and genetics.
Symptoms of emergency
- Severe
headache
- Blurred
vision
- High
BP
- Seizure
- Fetal diseases
This includes abnormalities in the fetus that
cause the death of the fetus or major birth defects. Some of the prevalent
fetal diseases are – down syndrome, defects of the heart, kidneys, neural tube,
lungs, and facial features. This emergency results from an inadequate supply of
oxygen to the fetus.
Symptoms of emergency related to fetal distress
are
- Disruption
in the heart rate of the fetus
- Less
movement of the fetus
- Less
amniotic fluid
- Preterm labor
In this case, the process of labor starts before
37 weeks. Preterm labor can be caused by infections, existing defects and
disorders of the reproductive system, diabetes, high BP, etc.
Symptoms of emergency
- Frequent
contractions
- Constant
low backache
- Pressure
in the lower abdomen, often mild cramps
- Vaginal
spotting
- Rupture
of membranes
- Change
in type of vaginal discharge
- Pelvic pain caused by non-pregnancy
reasons
In this case, patients experience varied levels
of pain in the lower abdomen. The likely causes can vary from lower lobe pneumonia,
to gastric ulcers.
Symptoms of emergency
- Pelvic
inflammation
- Adnexal
accidents
- Genital
bleeding
- Painful
urination
- Bloating
- Pain
during sex
- Fever
or chills
- Constipation
- Rectal
bleeding
- Menstrual
pain
- Ovarian
torsion
A PG student can subscribe to Online MD obstetrics and gynecology courses to learn and understand the OBGYN emergencies
in detail. A good online course provides high-quality lecture notes for
obstetrics and gynecology which are quite accessible. A lot more than the above-mentioned
emergencies are discussed in detail for MD OBGYN students to make them prepare
for their residency and competitive exams. If the student has
subscribed to a renowned MD obstetrics and gynecology course, these
conditions and symptoms are explained with the help of HD photographs, models,
graphs, charts, illustrations, and super detailed diagrams, as well as demo
practical classes where surgical methods for obstetric emergencies in
OBGYN, and the handling of patients are taught by gold standard
faculty who specialize in OBGYN.
Pursuing PG in gynecology and obstetrics
is not only challenging, but also demanding in the sense that a student has to
put in long toiling hours to study the discrepancies, disorders, and diseases
of women’s reproductive systems. Staying updated with the latest technological
and scientific developments in this field is necessary.
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